TABLE 5.1 (Continued)

Vaccine types and their specificities

Vaccine type

Antigen

Immunogenicity/

booster?/duration

of protection/

adjuvants

Principle

Risks and safety

Dosage/

storage

Production

platform

Examples for

vaccines

introduced into cells,

RNA can be self-

amplifying, then

contains alphaviral

replication machinery

to 25°C for

24 h.

pDNA

Viral antigen

(protein)

High/yes/not enough

data/ no

Viral antigen is

expressed in the

vaccinated person from

pDNA molecules

delivered intradermally

through a needle-free-

injector. The pDNA is

not replicative in

recipient cells [ 1].

No risk of infection, no

risk of integration into

genome.

1-3 mg/dose

cold

chain2−8°C

and up to 25°C

for 3 months.

Escherichia

coli.

SARS-CoV-2

Adapted from [ 2].

mRNA vaccines adapted from [ 3].

86

Bioprocessing of Viral Vaccines